Minds, Artificial Intelligence, and Ethics

Minds, Artificial Intelligence, and Ethics

What is the potential of artificial intelligence to alleviate suffering, advance equity, and support human and planetary flourishing—and what risks does it pose to health, education, work, politics, and climate? At stake is not only how AI evolves, but how we as human beings shape its trajectory through the ethical qualities and agency we bring to it.

In this dialogue among leading scientists, scholars, contemplative practitioners, business leaders, and policymakers, participants examined our understanding of the living mind and the evolving relationship between human and machine intelligence. The gathering invited reflection across diverse wisdom and knowledge traditions on how compassion, responsibility, and ethical discernment might guide the development and use of emerging technologies.

Presenters explored the nature of the human mind as a foundation for considering five key topics and a set of generative questions about AI:

  • Minds – What is intelligence? What distinguishes living minds from artificial minds? 
  • (Dis)entanglement and meaningful relationships – How are human minds intimately entangled with artificial minds? What ethical considerations emerge from the deep entanglement of human and machine? What are the potential benefits? 
  • Collective narratives and possible futures – How do the stories we tell about AI create self-fulfilling prophecies? What are the risks regarding human survival and the possible replacement of human rationality and awareness?
  • Diversity and ethics – How might a more complex understanding of intelligence impact the AI systems we develop and the regulations we put in place? Is it possible to embed ethical values into AI?
  • Education – What are the potential risks of AI to young people? How is AI shaping the youngest minds in terms of attention, concentration, cognitive biases, and emotion regulation?

Participants emphasized that the future of AI is not predetermined but profoundly shaped by the narratives we construct about it—and about ourselves.  The dialogue marked not an endpoint but a beginning—an invitation to continue shaping our shared future with awareness and care.

Dialogue Sessions

Welcome and Opening Remarks

The 39th Mind & Life Dialogue, held in Dharamsala in 2025 under the theme “Minds, AI, and Ethics,” brought together scientists, philosophers, contemplatives, and educators to explore how artificial intelligence reshapes our understanding of consciousness, intelligence, and compassion. Opening remarks recalled His Holiness the Dalai Lama’s lifelong mission to bridge modern science with Buddhist wisdom, …

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Minds

What is intelligence? What distinguishes living minds from artificial minds?

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(Dis)Entanglement & Meaningful Relationships

How are human minds intimately entangled with artificial minds? What ethical considerations emerge from the deep entanglement of human and machine? What are the potential benefits?

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Collective Narratives & Possible Futures

How do the stories we tell about AI create self-fulfilling prophecies? What are the risks regarding human survival and the possible replacement of human rationality and awareness?

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Diversity & Ethics

How might a more complex understanding of intelligence impact the AI systems we develop and the regulations we put in place? Is it possible to embed ethical values into AI?

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Education

What are the potential risks of AI to young people? How is AI shaping the youngest minds in terms of attention, concentration, cognitive biases, and emotion regulation?

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Closing Summary and Contemplative Practice

The closing session synthesized interdisciplinary reflections on artificial intelligence, emphasizing that AI should remain a human-centered tool guided by compassion, critical inquiry, and ethical responsibility. Speakers challenged deterministic narratives, advocating diverse perspectives on intelligence, consciousness, education, governance, and technological development. Discussions highlighted the importance of curiosity, epistemic diversity, democratic participation, and community engagement while cautioning …

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Participants

Emily M. Bender, PhD University of Washington
Ani Choyang, Jangchub Choeling Nunnery
Molly Crockett, PhD, Princeton University
Robert Cummings, PhD, University of Mississippi
Marc-Henri Deroche, PhD, Kyoto University
Iason Gabriel, PhD, Google DeepMind
Shaun Gallagher, PhD, University of Memphis
Peter Hershock, PhD, East-West Center
Merve Hickok, Center for AI and Digital Policy
Thupten Jinpa, PhD, Mind & Life Institute Board Chair; Compassion Institute Founder; English Translator of His Holiness the Dalai Lama

His Eminence Khangser Rinpoche, Gyuto Monastery, Thangkar Dechen Choling Monastic Institute
Sasha Luccioni, PhD, Hugging Face
Chiara Mascarello, PhD, University of Padua
Kate (Kathryn) Nave, PhD, University of Edinburgh
Anat Perry, PhD, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Geshe Lodoe Sangpo, Gaden Jangtse Monastery
Murray Shanahan, PhD, Imperial College London, Google DeepMind
Luc Steels, PhD, University of Brussels
Geshe Thabkhe, Sera Jay Monastery
Marieke van Vugt, PhD, University of Groningen