We will take a multi-method approach to extend the reach of contemplative science beyond the individual practitioner. First, we will examine the impact of different types of meditation practices on propensity for self-generated thought—thinking that is decoupled from the present moment. Second, we will investigate whether meditation-induced changes in self-generated thought are associated with our ability to reach common ground with others. Before and after a brief meditation intervention, participant dyads will perform a coordination task in which they try to select the same abstract image in each trial without speaking. Dyads will be randomly assigned to one of three intervention conditions: loving-kindness, insight, and no-meditation control. During the task, we will conduct phenomenological experience sampling to assess whether participants were engaging in self-generated thought. To examine whether the effects of meditation training are accompanied by distinct psychophysiological correlates of perspective-taking and self-generated thought, we will measure either EEG inter-brain synchronization or pupil size, depending on the robustness of EEG findings forthcoming in our ongoing experiments using this coordination task. Inter-brain synchronization has been associated with social coordination and is thought to reflect exchange of goal-related information via action-perception loops, while pupil size reflects self-generated thought.